The idea that consumer appliances are intentionally engineered to break after a certain time period is known as "planned obsolescence." While there have been instances of planned obsolescence in the past, it is important to note that not all modern consumer appliances are designed with this intention.
Planned obsolescence can take different forms:
Functional Obsolescence: This occurs when products are designed with components that have a limited lifespan or are difficult to repair or replace, leading to the product becoming non-functional or uneconomical to repair after a certain period.
Style Obsolescence: Some products may become outdated in terms of style and aesthetics, encouraging consumers to replace them with newer models to keep up with the latest trends.
Technological Obsolescence: Rapid advancements in technology can make older products seem outdated compared to newer, more advanced models, prompting consumers to upgrade.
Marketing-Induced Obsolescence: Manufacturers may release minor updates or new versions of products to encourage consumers to replace their current devices, even if the changes are minimal.
The concept of planned obsolescence can be traced back to the 1920s when companies started to design products with shorter lifespans to stimulate demand and increase sales. However, it's essential to understand that not all consumer appliances are deliberately designed to fail after a certain time. Many manufacturers prioritize quality and durability to build a positive brand reputation and foster customer loyalty.
In recent times, there has been a growing awareness of environmental concerns and sustainability. As a result, some manufacturers are shifting their focus towards creating more durable and repairable products, and consumers are showing increasing interest in longer-lasting, eco-friendly appliances.
Overall, the existence and prevalence of planned obsolescence can vary between different industries, products, and manufacturers. It's a complex topic that depends on various economic, technological, and societal factors. As consumer demands continue to evolve, so will the practices of manufacturers in the design and production of consumer appliances.