If the Teflon coating on a non-stick pan is flaking off, it is generally recommended to discontinue using the pan for cooking. Ingesting Teflon flakes or particles is not considered safe. When Teflon coating begins to deteriorate or chip, the flakes can mix with your food, potentially causing health concerns if consumed.
Teflon is a brand name for a type of non-stick coating called polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). PTFE itself is considered chemically inert and generally non-toxic at normal cooking temperatures. However, when the coating flakes or peels, the exposed underlying material may be heated to higher temperatures, which can release potentially harmful gases called perfluorinated compounds (PFCs).
The consumption of PFCs has been associated with certain health risks. Studies have shown that the inhalation of fumes from overheated Teflon pans can cause a condition known as polymer fume fever, characterized by flu-like symptoms. While the ingestion of small Teflon flakes is unlikely to cause immediate harm, it is still best to avoid consuming them.
To ensure food safety, it is advisable to replace pans with flaking Teflon coating. Opt for new non-stick pans or explore alternative cookware options such as stainless steel, cast iron, or ceramic, which do not have a non-stick coating that can deteriorate over time.