Microwave ovens typically do not require their own dedicated circuit. In most households, microwave ovens are plugged into standard electrical outlets shared with other kitchen appliances. Modern microwave ovens are designed to operate safely on a standard 120-volt household circuit.
However, it's essential to consider the total power consumption of the devices connected to a specific circuit to avoid overloading it. Microwaves can draw a significant amount of power, especially when operating at higher wattages, and using multiple high-power appliances simultaneously on the same circuit can trip the circuit breaker.
If you have a situation where multiple high-power kitchen appliances, such as a microwave, toaster oven, electric kettle, or others, are used simultaneously in the same area, you might consider spreading the load across different circuits to prevent overloading. An automatic transfer switch is not typically necessary for residential microwave oven use. Automatic transfer switches are more commonly used in specific scenarios, such as connecting backup power generators to essential circuits during power outages.
To ensure safe and efficient electrical usage in your kitchen, it's recommended to distribute the load among different circuits and, if you have concerns about electrical capacity, consult with a licensed electrician to assess your home's electrical system and make any necessary adjustments.