Yes, you are correct. Microwaves can leak from microwave ovens that are damaged or not well maintained, and one of the reasons for this is the property of low wavelength electromagnetic waves to pass through walls and other materials.
Microwaves are a form of electromagnetic radiation with relatively long wavelengths, typically around 12.5 centimeters (5 inches) to 12.5 millimeters (0.5 inches). When you heat food in a microwave oven, it generates these microwaves, which are contained within the oven's metal cavity by using a metal mesh called a Faraday cage. The Faraday cage acts as a barrier to prevent microwaves from escaping.
However, if the oven's door or the seal around the door is damaged or not properly maintained, it can create gaps or openings in the Faraday cage. These openings can allow some of the microwave radiation to leak out of the oven. Since microwaves are capable of passing through walls and other materials, they can potentially pose a safety risk if they escape from the oven.
Microwave leakage is a serious concern because exposure to high levels of microwave radiation can be harmful to human health. When microwaves interact with the body, they can be absorbed, causing tissue to heat up. Prolonged or high-level exposure can lead to burns and other health issues.
To ensure safety, it's essential to keep microwave ovens in good working condition and promptly repair any damage to the door or the seal. It's also advisable to maintain a safe distance from the microwave when it's in operation and follow the manufacturer's guidelines and precautions provided in the user manual. If you suspect that your microwave oven is leaking radiation, it should be checked and repaired by a qualified technician.