Directed microwaves, often referred to as directed energy weapons, can potentially disrupt or disable electronic systems in missiles, but it is unlikely that they would cause the chemicals in missiles to detonate before reaching the target.
Directed energy weapons, including microwave-based systems, work by emitting a focused beam of energy, such as microwaves or lasers, towards a target. When directed towards a missile, the energy can be absorbed by the missile's electronics, sensors, or other vulnerable components, potentially disabling or damaging them. This can lead to the missile losing its intended target or failing to function properly.
However, the primary mechanism for causing an explosion or detonation in a missile is through the proper functioning of its internal explosive or propellant systems. These systems are designed to be stable and require specific conditions or triggers, such as impact or electronic arming mechanisms, to initiate the explosion.
While directed energy weapons can potentially disrupt or damage the guidance systems or electronic components of a missile, causing it to malfunction or lose its intended target, they are not designed to trigger or detonate the chemical explosives within the missile itself. The explosion of the missile's warhead would typically require a separate and specific triggering mechanism that is not directly influenced by external energy beams.
It's worth noting that specific information on the capabilities and vulnerabilities of military weapons systems, including directed energy weapons, is typically classified and not publicly disclosed. Therefore, the precise effects and potential countermeasures against such systems may be subject to ongoing research and development by military organizations.