Glass can shatter or explode when exposed to rapid and extreme temperature changes. This phenomenon, known as thermal shock, occurs when different parts of the glass heat up and expand at different rates.
When glass is placed directly on a hot stove, the rapid and concentrated heat from the stove's burner causes the portion of the glass in direct contact with the heat source to expand rapidly. However, the rest of the glass, which is not in direct contact with the heat, remains relatively cool. This drastic temperature difference creates uneven expansion within the glass, leading to stress and potential fractures.
In contrast, when glass is used in the oven, the heat is more evenly distributed throughout the cooking chamber. The oven heats up gradually, allowing the glass to gradually expand along with the increasing temperature. This gradual expansion helps to minimize the stress on the glass and reduces the likelihood of it shattering.
Furthermore, many types of oven-safe glassware, such as Pyrex or tempered glass, are specifically designed to withstand higher temperatures and thermal shock. These glass materials have been treated or manufactured in a way that makes them more resistant to sudden temperature changes, reducing the risk of breakage in the oven.
It's worth noting that not all types of glass are suitable for oven use, and it's essential to check the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations before using glassware in the oven. Additionally, it's important to avoid subjecting oven-safe glassware to sudden temperature changes, such as transferring it directly from a hot oven to a cold surface, as this can still cause thermal shock and potentially lead to breakage.