The noise you hear from your refrigerator when it's cooling down or running at full capacity is likely due to the compressor and the cooling fan working to regulate the temperature inside the fridge. Here's a breakdown of the process:
Cooling Down and Running at Full Capacity: When you first turn on your refrigerator or when it needs to cool down after a period of door opening, the compressor starts working to compress the refrigerant gas. This process raises the pressure and temperature of the gas, and it circulates through the coils at the back or bottom of the fridge. As the hot refrigerant gas passes through these coils, it releases heat into the surrounding air, cooling down in the process. The cooling fan, usually located near the coils, helps dissipate this heat more efficiently. The compressor and cooling fan running together can create a noticeable noise, which is completely normal.
Quiet Once Cooled Down and Turned Off: Once the fridge has reached its set temperature, the compressor will stop running, and the cooling fan may also turn off. At this point, the fridge is maintaining the internal temperature and doesn't require the continuous operation of the compressor or fan. As a result, the noise will subside, and the fridge will be quieter.
Additionally, some modern refrigerators are designed with noise reduction features to minimize sound levels while operating, especially during the cooling cycle. These features include better insulation, improved compressor designs, and quieter fans, making the overall operation less noisy compared to older refrigerator models.
If you notice unusually loud or persistent noises, it could indicate an issue with your refrigerator that may require maintenance or repair. Common reasons for unusual noises include loose parts, malfunctioning fans or motors, or issues with the compressor. If you're concerned about the noise level of your fridge, it's best to consult the manufacturer's guidelines or contact a professional appliance technician to inspect and address any potential problems.