The energy consumption of a refrigerator can vary depending on factors like its size, efficiency, age, and usage patterns. Let's break down the energy usage when the refrigerator is both on and off:
Refrigerator On (Operating): When the refrigerator is turned on and running, it consumes electricity to maintain the desired temperature inside and keep your food cold and fresh. The power consumption can vary, but a typical modern refrigerator might use anywhere from 100 to 800 watts of electricity while running. The average energy consumption for a standard-sized refrigerator is around 150 to 600 kilowatt-hours (kWh) per year. More energy-efficient models tend to fall on the lower end of this range.
Refrigerator Off (Standby): When you unplug or turn off the refrigerator, it enters standby mode. In this state, the refrigerator is not actively cooling, but it may still consume a small amount of energy to power internal components such as lights, control displays, and electronics. This standby power consumption is usually very low, ranging from about 1 to 10 watts. Over the course of a year, this standby power consumption might add up to around 10 to 100 kWh, depending on the refrigerator's design.
It's essential to note that while the standby power consumption is relatively low, it's not zero. So, if you're not using the refrigerator for an extended period (e.g., during vacations), consider unplugging it to save on electricity costs and reduce energy waste.
To get a precise measurement of your refrigerator's energy usage, you can check the label on the unit or refer to the user manual for detailed specifications. Additionally, many modern refrigerators come with an energy rating label, such as ENERGY STAR, which provides information on their energy efficiency and estimated annual energy consumption.