Determining whether your refrigerator has a bad compressor or a bad start capacitor can be a bit challenging, but there are some signs you can look for to help narrow down the issue. Please note that diagnosing refrigerator problems may require technical expertise, so if you're not confident in your abilities, it's best to seek professional help from a qualified appliance technician. Here are some steps to help you identify the problem:
Listen for unusual noises: When you plug in your refrigerator, listen for any strange noises coming from the back of the unit. A bad compressor may make a clicking sound or a continuous humming noise. A faulty start capacitor might cause a repetitive clicking sound or buzzing noise.
Temperature issues: Check the temperature inside the refrigerator. If it's not cooling properly and you notice a warm or slightly cool temperature, the compressor might be at fault. However, keep in mind that other factors like dirty coils or a malfunctioning thermostat can also cause temperature problems.
Compressor warm to touch: Carefully touch the compressor at the back of the refrigerator (after disconnecting the power). If it's hot or very warm to the touch, it could indicate a problem with the compressor.
Compressor doesn't start: If the compressor is not running at all, it could be due to a faulty start capacitor. In this case, you may hear the fan running, but the compressor doesn't kick in to cool the fridge.
Check the start capacitor visually: If you're comfortable opening up the refrigerator's rear panel, you can visually inspect the start capacitor for any signs of damage or leakage. A bulging or leaking capacitor is likely defective.
Compressor won't start but tries: In some cases, a compressor that is struggling to start but can't may be an indication of a faulty start capacitor.
Relay and overload testing: The compressor's start capacitor often works in conjunction with a start relay and overload protector. You can test these components using a multimeter to check if they are functioning correctly.
Odor or burnt smell: If you notice any unusual odors or a burnt smell coming from the back of the fridge, it could be a sign of a malfunctioning compressor or start capacitor.
If you've performed these checks and are still unsure about the problem, it's best to contact a professional appliance repair technician to diagnose and fix the issue. They have the necessary knowledge and tools to accurately identify the problem and perform any required repairs or replacements.