Vacuum cleaners typically use different types of motors to perform their cleaning functions effectively. The two most common types of motors used in vacuum cleaners are:
Universal Motor: This type of motor is commonly used in traditional corded vacuum cleaners. It is called a "universal motor" because it can operate on both AC (alternating current) and DC (direct current) power sources. These motors are lightweight, compact, and relatively inexpensive to manufacture. They offer high rotational speeds, making them suitable for creating the necessary suction in vacuum cleaners. However, universal motors tend to be noisier and have a shorter lifespan compared to other types of motors.
Brushless DC (BLDC) Motor: Modern vacuum cleaners, especially cordless or battery-powered models, often use brushless DC motors. BLDC motors offer several advantages over universal motors, such as increased energy efficiency, longer lifespan, and reduced maintenance requirements. They operate using electronic commutation rather than brushes, which minimizes friction and wear. As a result, BLDC motors tend to produce less heat and run quieter than universal motors. Additionally, their efficiency allows cordless vacuums to have longer battery life and better overall performance.
The choice of motor depends on the type of vacuum cleaner and its intended use. Corded vacuum cleaners with a focus on affordability may use universal motors, while more advanced and higher-end cordless models will likely utilize brushless DC motors for improved efficiency and performance.